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Description
On the other hand, mitochondria can effectively reduce ETC-derived ROS by activating uncoupling proteins, which lower the inner membrane potential a key driver of ROS production, thereby preserving cellular redox homeostasis [142]
10.1038/s41575-019-0157-3 Nat
Flavonoids and, increasingly, AQs are recognized as key components of below-ground and above-ground signaling webs ( Several anthraquinones, including emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion, are known to be released from roots or decaying below-ground tissues and exhibit strong antimicrobial or phytotoxic activity in laboratory and pot-based assays ( Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can significantly alter the phytochemical profile of their host plants
The release of mtDNA, a pro-inflammatory DAMP, has been shown to activate innate immune responses [33]
