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[PMID: 10503949] [41] Castillo AI, Sanchez-Martinez R, Moreno JL, Martinez-Iglesias OA, Palacios D, Aranda A

Serum analyses of patients with TBI have also revealed changes in lipid metabolites, although these studies are less common than trials focused on glucose metabolism

1 Introduction 1.1 The life cycle of neutrophils Neutrophils are essential innate immune system components, crucial for defending against pathogens including bacteria, virus and fungus ( Neutrophils generally have a relatively short lifespan, with half-lives ranging from several hours to a few days ( Apoptosis, a programmed form of cell death commonly observed during inflammation, is the primary cell death mechanism that aids in clearance of unwanted neutrophils to prevent excessive inflammation ( 1.2 Neutrophilic function and disease Neutrophils both function as first-line effectors in the innate immune response, defending against pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and have roles in regulating various immunological processes, in contexts including cancer, injury, and tissue repair ( Neutrophils primarily function in protection against infections and tissue damage ( Abnormal neutrophil activity and numbers can have negative effects on disease development (30)