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The pathways that regulate GSH production and recycling are extremely complex [Figure 1], and most research on this system has been conducted through association studies which can suggest local mechanisms but cannot fully capture the interactions in the system as a whole

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Abbreviations PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome SHBG: Sex hormone binding globulin FSH: Follicle-stimulating hormone COX-2: Cyclooxygenase 2 CRP: C-reactive protein TNF: Tumor necrosis factor alpha NF-B: Nuclear factor kappa B LH: Luteinizing hormone AR: Androgen receptor DHT: Dihydrotestosterone AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase GLUT-4: Glucose transporter type 4 IRS: Insulin receptor substrate EGCG: Epigallocatechin gallate SOD: Superoxide dismutase Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2related factor 2 GPx: Glutathione peroxidase Arg: Arginine Cur: Curcumin CAT: Catalase MDA: Malondialdehyde NAcHis: N-acetyl histidine Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2 DHEA: Dehydroepiandrosterone HFD: High-fat diet PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase PCNA: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate CYP: Cytochrome p450 enzyme FSH: Follicle stimulating hormone LDL: Low-density lipoprotein PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome TG: Triglycerides References Guastella E, Longo RA, Carmina E